{"id":1849,"date":"2023-08-02T23:49:22","date_gmt":"2023-08-02T23:49:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/?p=1849"},"modified":"2024-04-30T18:25:31","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T18:25:31","slug":"mi-a-ric","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/2023\/08\/02\/mi-a-ric\/","title":{"rendered":"RAN Intelligent Controller &#8211; RIC"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) a virtualiz\u00e1lt Open RAN architekt\u00fara cloud-nat\u00edv \u00e9s szoftver \u00e1ltal vez\u00e9relt (software defined) \u00f6sszetev\u0151je, amely a RAN funkci\u00f3k \u00e9s er\u0151forr\u00e1sok vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9\u00e9rt valamint optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1\u00e9rt felel. A RIC kialakit\u00e1sa \u00e9s funkci\u00f3i igazodnak a 3GPP Release 15-\u00f6s \u00e9s feletti kiad\u00e1sokhoz. Az 5G NR \u00e9s Open RAN h\u00e1l\u00f3zatokban alapvet\u0151 fontoss\u00e1g\u00fa a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati programozhat\u00f3s\u00e1g, az intelligencia \u00e9s a diszaggregaci\u00f3 lehet\u0151s\u00e9ge. A RIC a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati eszk\u00f6z gy\u00e1rt\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00f6tti egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9st, intelligenci\u00e1t, agilit\u00e1st \u00e9s programozhat\u00f3s\u00e1got biztos\u00edtja az Open RAN sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A RIC lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a harmadik f\u00e9lt\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 alkalmaz\u00e1sok implement\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t, melyek automatiz\u00e1lj\u00e1k \u00e9s optimaliz\u00e1lj\u00e1k a RAN funkci\u00f3kat, mik\u00f6zben t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k a felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1si lehet\u00f3s\u00e9geket, amelyek cs\u00f6kkentik a mobilszolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3k k\u00f6lts\u00e9g\u00e9t (TCO) \u00e9s jav\u00edtj\u00e1k az \u00fcgyfelek el\u00e9gedetts\u00e9g\u00e9t (QoE).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>A RIC El\u0151nye<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A RIC intelligenci\u00e1t, agilit\u00e1st \u00e9s programozhat\u00f3s\u00e1got hoz a RAN h\u00e1l\u00f3zatokba, \u00e9s lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a harmadik f\u00e9lt\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 alkalmaz\u00e1sok haszn\u00e1lat\u00e1t, amelyek automatiz\u00e1lj\u00e1k \u00e9s optimaliz\u00e1lj\u00e1k a RAN m\u0171veleteket, mik\u00f6zben t\u00e1mogatj\u00e1k az innovat\u00edv felhaszn\u00e1l\u00e1si lehet\u00e1s\u00e9geket. A RIC kulcsszerepet j\u00e1tszik az olyan h\u00e1l\u00f3zati funkci\u00f3kban, mint a Network Slicing, vagy a nagy s\u00e1vsz\u00e9less\u00e9g\u0171, alacsony k\u00e9sleltet\u00e9s\u0171 alkalmaz\u00e1sok \u00e9s a priorit\u00e1st \u00e9lvez\u0151 kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3.<br>T\u00e1mogatja a mobilh\u00e1l\u00f3zat \u00fczemeltet\u0151k alkalmaz\u00e1sait a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny jav\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban, az \u00fczleti agilit\u00e1s n\u00f6vel\u00e9s\u00e9ben, az \u00fcgyf\u00e9l\u00e9lm\u00e9ny emel\u00e9s\u00e9ben \u00e9s a k\u00f6lts\u00e9gek cs\u00f6kkent\u00e9s\u00e9ben. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>A RIC Architekt\u00fara<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>A RIC az Open RAN architekt\u00fara fontos eleme. A RIC architekt\u00fara \u00e1ltal\u00e1noss\u00e1gabn tartalmaz egy disztributed egys\u00e9g (DU) szoftverfunkci\u00f3t, egy inter-RAT CU protokol elemet, egy k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 RIC-et (Near-RT RIC) \u00e9s egy orchestrator \u00e9s management (SMO) r\u00e9teget nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 RIC-cel (Non-RT RIC). A vez\u00e9rl\u00e9si \u00e9s fel\u00fcgyeleti s\u00edkon kereszt\u00fcl (control and management planes) a RIC hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r a RAN architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1ban elhelyezett eszk\u00f6z\u00f6kh\u00f6z \u00e9s funkci\u00f3khoz. Ez teszi a RIC sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra lehet\u0151v\u00e9, hogy adatvez\u00e9relt, intelligens d\u00f6nt\u00e9seket hozzon a h\u00e1l\u00f3zat optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1sa \u00e9rdek\u00e9ben, az er\u0151forr\u00e1s \u00e9s szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1st\u00f3l kezdve az energia optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1son \u00e9s a network slicing biztosit\u00e1s\u00e1n kereszt\u00fcl. Mindezt a mesters\u00e9ges intelligencia (AI) \u00e9s a g\u00e9pi tanul\u00e1s (ML) integr\u00e1ci\u00f3j\u00e1val t\u00e1mogtva.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>A RIC az O-RAN Architekt\u00far\u00e1ban?<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Az O-RAN Alliance architekt\u00far\u00e1ja kieg\u00e9sziti a 3GPP RAN architekt\u00far\u00e1j\u00e1t, hogy megnyissa a RAN h\u00e1l\u00f3zatot. Az al\u00e1bbi \u00e1bra szerint az O-RAN architekt\u00fara felosztja a 3GPP RAN-t egy centr\u00e1l untit-ra (CU) \u00e9s egy distributed unit-ra (DU) illetve egy r\u00e1di\u00f3egys\u00e9gre (RU), valamint hozz\u00e1adja az intelligens vez\u00e9rll\u0151t (RIC) az architekt\u00far\u00e1hoz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"606\" height=\"375\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-9.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1850\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-9.png 606w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-9-300x186.png 300w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-9-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 606px) 100vw, 606px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Source: O-RAN Alliance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\">1<strong>.\u00e1bra. O-RAN logical architecture \u00e9s interf\u00e9szei<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A RIC-nek k\u00e9t logikai form\u00e1ja van, amelyek m\u00e1s-m\u00e1s funkci\u00f3t l\u00e1tnak el. Ezek a funkcion\u00e1lis komponensek a nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (non-RT) r\u00e1di\u00f3s intelligens vez\u00e9rl\u0151 (RIC) \u00e9s a k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (near-RT) RIC. Am\u00edg az el\u0151bbit a rendszer szerv\u00edz management \u00e9s orchetration (SMO) keretrendszere m\u0171k\u00f6dteti, addig az ut\u00f3bbi a CU\/DU funkci\u00f3khoz kapcsol\u00f3dik. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Non-RT RIC<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>A Non-RT RIC els\u0151dleges c\u00e9lja, hogy t\u00e1mogassa a nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 r\u00e1di\u00f3er\u0151forr\u00e1s vez\u00e9rl\u00e9st, a fels\u0151bb protokol r\u00e9teg\u0171 elj\u00e1r\u00e1sok policy alap\u00fa optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t. Ezeken kiv\u00fcl param\u00e9ter be\u00e1llit\u00e1st, szab\u00e1lyrendszert biztos\u00edt \u00e9s AI\/ML modelleket alkalmaz a RAN eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9re. A non-RT RIC funkci\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik a szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s management \u00e9s policy management, a RAN \u00e1ltal szolg\u00e1ltatott adatok elemz\u00e9se, az AI\/ML modellk\u00e9pz\u00e9s \u00e9s a near-RT RIC t\u00e1mogat\u00e1sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A Non-RT RIC a Service Management and Orchestration (SMO) Framework r\u00e9sze. Feladata a RAN eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k \u00e9s er\u0151forr\u00e1saik nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (1 m\u00e1sodpercen t\u00fali) vez\u00e9rl\u00e9se alkalmaz\u00e1sokon (rApps) kereszt\u00fcl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h5 class=\"wp-block-heading has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Near-RT RIC<\/strong><\/h5>\n\n\n\n<p>A Near-RT RIC lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi az O-CU \u00e9s O-DU funkci\u00f3k k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t, vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9t \u00e9s adatainak monitoroz\u00e1s\u00e1t Near Real Time id\u0151sk\u00e1l\u00e1n (10 ms \u00e9s 1 s k\u00f6z\u00f6tt). A near-RT RIC vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9t AI\/ML alap\u00fa sz\u00e1m\u00edt\u00e1sokon alapul\u00f3 \u00e9s tan\u00edtott modellek, valamint policy-k ir\u00e1ny\u00edtj\u00e1k. A near-RT RIC egyik f\u0151 feladata a radio resource management (RRM).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A near-RT RIC az A1 interf\u00e9szen kereszt\u00fcl kommunik\u00e1l a non-RT RIC-el, hogy policy-alap\u00fa \u00fatmutat\u00e1st kapjon az xApps-ok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Ezek az xApps-ok v\u00e9gzik a RAN optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1t, mint a kapacit\u00e1s \u00e9s szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s management vagy az energia management. Az xApps-ok \u00e9s rApps-ok ny\u00edlt forr\u00e1sk\u00f3dokat \u00e9s g\u00e9pi tanul\u00e1st haszn\u00e1lnak.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC) a virtualiz\u00e1lt Open RAN architekt\u00fara cloud-nat\u00edv \u00e9s szoftver \u00e1ltal vez\u00e9relt (software defined) \u00f6sszetev\u0151je, amely a RAN funkci\u00f3k \u00e9s er\u0151forr\u00e1sok vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9\u00e9rt valamint optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1\u00e9rt felel. A RIC kialakit\u00e1sa \u00e9s funkci\u00f3i igazodnak a 3GPP Release 15-\u00f6s \u00e9s feletti kiad\u00e1sokhoz. Az 5G NR \u00e9s Open RAN h\u00e1l\u00f3zatokban alapvet\u0151 fontoss\u00e1g\u00fa a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati programozhat\u00f3s\u00e1g, az intelligencia &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/2023\/08\/02\/mi-a-ric\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">RAN Intelligent Controller &#8211; RIC<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1850,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1849","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-open-ran"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1849","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1849"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1849\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2675,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1849\/revisions\/2675"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1850"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1849"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1849"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1849"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}