{"id":1856,"date":"2023-08-03T23:53:59","date_gmt":"2023-08-03T23:53:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/?p=1856"},"modified":"2024-04-30T18:25:13","modified_gmt":"2024-04-30T18:25:13","slug":"mi-az-rapps-es-xapps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/2023\/08\/03\/mi-az-rapps-es-xapps\/","title":{"rendered":"rApps \u00e9s xApps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Az Open RAN architekt\u00fara k\u00f6zponti komponense a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), amely ny\u00edlt hosting platformot biztos\u00edt a RAN funkci\u00f3k vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9gek applik\u00e1ci\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A RIC-nek k\u00e9t logikai form\u00e1ja l\u00e9tezik, a nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (non-RT) \u00e9s a k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC). Ezekm\u00e1s-m\u00e1s funkci\u00f3kat l\u00e1tnak el a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatban. M\u00edg az el\u0151bbi a rendszer szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s management \u00e9s orchestration (SMO) keretrendszer\u00e9ben \u00fczemel az ut\u00f3bbi a Centra\u00e1l Unit-hoz (CU) \u00e9s a Distributed Unit-hoz (DU) kapcsol\u00f3dik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Mind a nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (non-RT) \u00e9s a k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (near-RT) RIC alkalmazza az AI\/ML-t a d\u00f6nt\u00e9shozatali funkci\u00f3iban \u00e9s f\u00fcggetlen gy\u00e1rt\u00f3k nyilt forr\u00e1sk\u00f3d\u00fa szoftvereit haszn\u00e1lhatja az O-RAN szabv\u00e1nyok alapj\u00e1n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>rApps \u00e9s xApps<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az rApps\/xApps-ok \u00faj technol\u00f3gi\u00e1t \u00e9s lehet\u0151s\u00e9get k\u00edn\u00e1lnak a h\u00e1l\u00f3zat \u00fczemeltet\u0151knek, hogy innovat\u00edv m\u00f3don fejleszthess\u00e9k a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatukat, n\u00f6velj\u00e9k az \u00fcgyf\u00e9l \u00e9lmenyt, \u00e9s optimaliz\u00e1lj\u00e1k a CapEx \/ OpEx k\u00f6lts\u00e9geiket.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>rApp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az rApp egy modul\u00e1ris alkalmaz\u00e1s, amely a nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 non-RT RIC-ben fut, \u00e9s a fel\u00fcgyeleti s\u00edkon (management plane) helyezkedik el. Feladata a RAN optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz \u00e9s a folyamatok optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 \u00e9rt\u00e9kn\u00f6velt szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok ny\u00fajt\u00e1sa, mint a policy-based guidance \u00e9s \u00e9rt\u00e9kn\u00f6velt inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k managel\u00e9se, adatelemz\u00e9s, AI\/ML training, konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3 management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-medium\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"132\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-11-300x132.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1882\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-11-300x132.png 300w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-11-18x8.png 18w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-11.png 551w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong>1.\u00e1bra. Non-RT RIC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az rApp-ok a nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 RIC-en futnak \u00e9s olyan RAN automatiz\u00e1l\u00e1si \u00e9s fel\u00fcgyeleti feladatokat l\u00e1tnak el amelyek egy m\u00e1sodperces vagy ann\u00e1l hosszabb id\u0151t vesznek ig\u00e9nybe. Ilyenek feladatok:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Network evolution rApps<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Network deployment rApps<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Network optimization rApps<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Network healing rApps<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Az rApp-ok vez\u00e9rl\u0151hurkai teh\u00e1t 1 s feletti id\u0151intervallumban m\u0171k\u00f6dnek \u00e9s Intelligent Automation Platform SDK-t haszn\u00e1lnak. Az rApp-ok k\u00e9pesek egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6dni m\u00e1s rApp-okkal szabv\u00e1nyos\u00edtott ny\u00edlt interf\u00e9szeken, hogy bonyolultabb automatiz\u00e1l\u00e1si funkci\u00f3kat is v\u00e9gre tudjanak hajtani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>xApp<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A Near-RT RIC egy ny\u00edlt szoftverplatform mikroszolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1s alkalmaz\u00e1sok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Ilyen microszolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sok az xApps-ok. Az xApps RAN infrastrukt\u00fara CU \u00e9s DU eszk\u00f6zeivel az E2 interf\u00e9szen kereszt\u00fcl kapcsol\u00f3dik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az xApps alkalmaz\u00e1sok, a Near-RT RIC-ben futnak. Az xApp-ok egy vagy t\u00f6bb mikroszolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sk\u00e9nt is megtervezhet\u0151k. Ekkor az xApps-ok k\u00f6z\u00f6tt ny\u00edlt interfeszek k\u00f6zvet\u00edtenek. Az xApp-ok a Near-RT RIC-t\u0151l f\u00fcggetlen applik\u00e1ci\u00f3k, amiket harmadik f\u00e9l is k\u00e9szithet a ny\u00edlt forr\u00e1sk\u00f3d \u00e9s interf\u00e9szek alkalmaz\u00e1sa miatt. Az E2 interf\u00e9sz biztos\u00edtja a k\u00f6zvetlen kapcsolatot az xApp \u00e9s a RAN funkci\u00f3k (CU\/DU) k\u00f6z\u00f6tt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-medium\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"129\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-12-300x129.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1884\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-12-300x129.png 300w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-12-18x8.png 18w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-12.png 556w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong>2.\u00e1bra. Non-RT RIC<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az xApps-ok 10 ms \u00e9s 1 s k\u00f6z\u00f6tti id\u0151intervallumban hajtj\u00e1k v\u00e9gre a funkci\u00f3ikat. Ezeket az id\u0151intervallumokat vez\u00e9rl\u0151huroknak nevezik.<br>Egy adott vez\u00e9rl\u0151hurok id\u0151korl\u00e1tja att\u00f3l f\u00fcgg, hogy a RAN funkci\u00f3 milyen xApp fel\u00fcgyelet alatt \u00e1ll. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul egy MAC magagement-et fel\u00fcgyel\u0151 xApp-nak 10 ms-os k\u00fcsz\u00f6b alatti vez\u00e9rl\u0151hurok sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges, mik\u00f6zben egy Session Management-et fel\u00fcgyel\u0151 xApp hosszabb, ak\u00e1r k\u00f6zel 1 sec k\u00e9sleltet\u00e9st is megengedhet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az xApp Manager rugalmas m\u00f3dot biztos\u00edt funkci\u00f3k telep\u00edt\u00e9shez \u00e9s managel\u00e9shez. Az xApps-ok tov\u00e1bb bonthat\u00f3ak alfunkci\u00f3kra \u00e9s igy CU-ba illetve DU-ba telepithet\u0151ek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A RIC az xApp-ok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra a k\u00f6vetkez\u0151 funkci\u00f3kat l\u00e1tja el:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:100%\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>xApps lifecycle-management<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Hozz\u00e1f\u00e9r\u00e9s a val\u00f3s idej\u0171 RAN m\u00e9r\u00e9sekhez \u00e9s esem\u00e9nyekhez<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A RAN eszk\u00f6z\u00f6k konfigur\u00e1l\u00e1sa<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Val\u00f3s idej\u0171 parancsok a RAN ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Val\u00f3s idej\u0171 adatb\u00e1zis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Inter-xApps kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>API-vez\u00e9relt xApps konfigur\u00e1ci\u00f3 \u00e9s policy-management<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"897\" height=\"453\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-13.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1891\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-13.png 897w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-13-300x152.png 300w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-13-768x388.png 768w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-13-18x9.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 897px) 100vw, 897px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong>3.\u00e1bra. Near-RT RIC alap RIC szolg\u00e1ltat\u00e1sokkal \u00e9s k\u00fcls\u0151 gy\u00e1rt\u00f3k xApp-jaival<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>RIC Interf\u00e9szek<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A non-RT \u00e9s near-RT RIC funkci\u00f3k k\u00f6z\u00f6tt illeteve a RAN eszk\u00f6\u00f6z\u00f6k k\u00f6z\u00f6tt az A1, O1, O2, E2 interf\u00e9szek k\u00f6zvet\u00edtenek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>A1 Interf\u00e9sz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az A1 interf\u00e9sz a Non-RT RIC \u00e9s az Near-RT RIC k\u00f6z\u00f6tt  van defini\u00e1lva, amelyen kereszt\u00fcl az Non-RT RIC az Near-RT RIC sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra policy-ket, emeltszint\u0171 inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat \u00e9s ML-modell friss\u00edt\u00e9seket biztos\u00edt, m\u00edg m\u00e1sr\u00e9szt az Near-RT RIC is ezen v\u00e9gez policy-visszacsatol\u00e1st a Non-RT RIC fel\u00e9 (azaz hogyan m\u0171k\u00f6dik az Non-RT RT RIC \u00e1ltal be\u00e1ll\u00edtott policy)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az A1 interf\u00e9sz lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a kommunik\u00e1ci\u00f3t a k\u00e9t RIC k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, \u00e9s t\u00e1mogatja a policy kezel\u00e9st, az adat\u00e1tvitelt \u00e9s a g\u00e9pi tanul\u00e1s kezel\u00e9s\u00e9t. Az adatok, amelyeket val\u00f3j\u00e1ban d\u00fas\u00edt\u00e1si inform\u00e1ci\u00f3nak neveznek, kifejezetten az AI modellk\u00e9pz\u00e9s\u00e9nek \u00e9s a g\u00e9pi tanul\u00e1snak a seg\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9re szolg\u00e1lnak a k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 RIC-ben.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>O1 Interf\u00e9sz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az O1 interf\u00e9sz \u00f6sszek\u00f6ti az SMO-t a RAN \u00e1ltal kezelt elemekkel. Ezek k\u00f6z\u00e9 tartozik a k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 Near-RT RIC, az O-CU, O-DU, O-RU. Az SMO az O1 interf\u00e9szen kereszt\u00fcl kap adatokat a kezelt elemekt\u0151l az AI modell betan\u00edt\u00e1sa c\u00e9lj\u00e1b\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>O2 interf\u00e9sz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az O2 interf\u00e9sz amin az SMO kommunik\u00e1l az O-Clouddal. Az O-Cloudhoz csatlakoz\u00f3 h\u00e1l\u00f3zat\u00fczemeltet\u0151k ezut\u00e1n az O1 vagy O2 interf\u00e9szekkel m\u0171k\u00f6dtethetik \u00e9s tarthatj\u00e1k karban a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatot a h\u00e1l\u00f3zati elemek \u00fajrakonfigur\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1val, a rendszer friss\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9vel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>E2 interf\u00e9sz<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Az E2 interf\u00e9sz biztositja Near-RT RIC \u00e9s a O-RU, O-DU, O-CU-val val\u00f3 \u00f6sszek\u00f6ttet\u00e9st . A RIC ezen kereszt\u00fcl ellen\u0151rizheti, hogy mi t\u00f6rt\u00e9nik azon a RAN-on bel\u00fcl, monitoroz\u00e1ssal, felf\u00fcggeszt\u00e9ssel, fel\u00fcl\u00edr\u00e1ssal, vez\u00e9rl\u00e9si \u00fczenetekkel \u00e9s az xApps-ok near-RT RIC-t\u0151l sz\u00e1rmaz\u00f3 m\u0171veleteinek v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1val. Valamint adatgy\u0171jt\u00e9st \u00e9s visszajelz\u00e9st is kap ezekt\u0151l az entit\u00e1sokt\u00f3l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"846\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-14.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1902\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-14.png 846w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-14-300x207.png 300w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-14-768x531.png 768w, https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/image-14-18x12.png 18w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 846px) 100vw, 846px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size\">Source: O-RAN Alliance<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-small-font-size\"><strong>4.\u00e1bra. Interf\u00e9szek a RIC elementek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>References:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O\u00fcRAN Alliance: https:\/\/www.o-ran.org\/<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Az Open RAN architekt\u00fara k\u00f6zponti komponense a RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC), amely ny\u00edlt hosting platformot biztos\u00edt a RAN funkci\u00f3k vez\u00e9rl\u00e9s\u00e9hez \u00e9s optimaliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1hoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9gek applik\u00e1ci\u00f3k sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. A RIC-nek k\u00e9t logikai form\u00e1ja l\u00e9tezik, a nem val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (non-RT) \u00e9s a k\u00f6zel val\u00f3s idej\u0171 (near-RT) RAN Intelligent Controller (RIC). Ezekm\u00e1s-m\u00e1s funkci\u00f3kat l\u00e1tnak el a h\u00e1l\u00f3zatban. M\u00edg az el\u0151bbi &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/2023\/08\/03\/mi-az-rapps-es-xapps\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">rApps \u00e9s xApps<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1856","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-open-ran"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1856","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1856"}],"version-history":[{"count":14,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1856\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2677,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1856\/revisions\/2677"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1902"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1856"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1856"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.xadv.eu\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1856"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}